Java object class and explain every method in details with simple way

Java object class and explain every method  . The Object class stands at the top of Java’s class hierarchy, serving as its foundational base. This means that every class in Java is directly or indirectly derived from Object . Here’s an explanation of the methods provided by the Object class:

1. equals(Object obj) :

 

• Purpose : Compares this object with another object for equality.
• Usage : Typically overridden in subclasses to compare object fields.
• Example : java
  public boolean equals(Object obj) {
  if (this == obj) return true;
  if (obj == null || getClass() != obj.getClass()) return false;
  // Compare fields for equality
  }

2. hashCode() :

 

• Purpose : Returns a hash code value for the object.
• Usage : Important for hash-based collections like HashMap .
• Example : java
  public int hashCode() {
  return Objects.hash(field1, field2, …);
  }

3. function toString() :

 

• Purpose : Returns a string representation of the object.
• Usage : Useful for debugging and logging.
• Example : java
  public String toString() {
  return “ClassName{” +
  “field1=” + field1 +
  “, field2=” + field2 +
  ‘}’;
  }

4. getClass() :

 

• Purpose : Returns the runtime class of this object.
• Usage : Allows checking the actual type of an object at runtime.
• Example : java
  Class clazz = obj.getClass();

5. clone() :

 

• Purpose : Creates and returns a copy of the object.
• Usage : Requires implementing Cloneable interface and overriding clone() method.
• Example : java
  public Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
  return super.clone();
  }

6. finalize() :

 

• Purpose : Called by the garbage collector on an object when garbage collection determines that there are no more references to the object.
• Usage : Rarely overridden; typically not relied upon due to unpredictability of when it’s called.
• Example : java
  protected void finalize() throws Throwable {
  // Cleanup code
  }

7. notify() , notifyAll() , wait() :

 

• Purpose : Methods for concurrent programming and inter-thread communication.
• Usage : Used in synchronization and concurrency scenarios.
• Example : java
  synchronized void someMethod() throws InterruptedException {
  while (condition) {
  wait(); // Release lock and wait until notified
  }
  // …
  notify(); // Notify waiting threads
  }

These methods provide fundamental behavior for all Java objects. Depending on your needs, you might override some of these methods to customize the behavior of your classes.